In 2013, the AGI floor for someone under age 65 is 10% of AGI. The 7.5% floor applies to those 65 or older. Since it is you, and not your mom, who is taking the deduction, you must use the 10%-of-AGI floor.
A mutual-fund distribution allocated to gains realized on the sale of fund portfolio assets. You report the distribution as long-term capital gain even if you held the fund shares short term.