As a self-employed person, you cannot receive a salary. You can take a draw from your business bank account to cover your personal expenses, but this has no impact on your taxes. You are taxed on your revenue minus expenses; you cannot subtract the draw.
Items, such as interest, state and local income and sales taxes, charitable contributions, and medical deductions, claimed on Schedule A of Form 1040. Itemized deductions are subtracted from adjusted gross income to arrive at taxable income. The amount of itemized deductions is also subject to a reduction when adjusted gross income exceeds certain limits.