Unlike deductions for charitable contributions to IRS-recognized organizations, there is no income tax deduction for gifts you make to individuals. What’s more, if gifts of cash exceed the annual gift tax exclusion—$15,000 in 2021; $16,000 in 2022—you must file Form 709, but in most cases no gift tax will be owed because of the lifetime exclusion.
Rules that limit the deduction of losses from passive activities to income from other passive activities. Passive activities include investment rental operations or businesses in which you do not materially participate.