If interest on U.S. savings bonds, series EE or I, hasn’t been reported annually, then the accrued interest becomes fully taxable when the bonds are redeemed. This income is ordinary interest income; it is not a capital gain. The financial institution at which you cash in the bonds will issue Form 1099-INT to report the interest income to you (and to the IRS).
The difference between face value of a bond and lower market price, attributable to rising interest rates. On a sale, gain on the bond is generally taxed as ordinary income to the extent of the discount.