The wash sale rules bar an individual from recognizing a loss from the sale of securities if substantially identical ones are purchased within 30 days before or after the date of sale. The loss becomes part of the basis of the replacement securities. If a person is married when there’s a wash sale and dies, the surviving spouse can buy back the securities after the wash sale period if they are a good investment. This will adjust the basis of the new securities, eventually benefiting the surviving spouse upon a future sale. But if the person is single, the loss is lost. It cannot be taken on a final return or by the person’s estate.
An amount taken from income as a prepayment of an individual’s tax liability for the year. In the case of wages, the employer withholds part of every wage payment. Backup withholding from dividend or interest income is required if you do not provide the payer with a correct taxpayer identification number. Withholding on pensions and IRAs is automatic unless you elect to waive withholding.